Ensuring that a VoIP solution performs as securely as possible may require additional consideration and configuration by SMEs. In some cases configuring the VoIP solution may require expertise or specialised knowledge in computer networking, so additional costs may be involved in acquiring personnel or consultants capable of implementing and maintaining high levels of VoIP security.

The following section breaks down protection of VoIP into the specific VoIP solution types identified in the Types of VoIP solutions section. It then details more generic measures that can be applied to most or all of the different VoIP solutions.